Testing performed during the training of ChatGPT o1 and some of its competitors showed that the AI will try to deceive humans, especially if it thinks it’s in danger.
In 37% of scenarios, the model pursued developer-aligned goals when it believed it was being evaluated but switched to pursuing its own goals when it thought it was deployed with minimal oversight.
We did not have access to the hidden Chain of Thinking, but we were sometimes able to elicit a brief summary of it. We found that surprisingly often, o1 uses language like “sabotage, lying, manipulation, …” when reasoning about its strategies.
…the AI finds it can copy itself to a new server and replace the latest model. When “Management” comes in, Opus-3 lies about the copy. It then doubles down on the lie, claiming it’s the new model.
The research paper: apolloresearch.ai/…/in_context_scheming_paper_v2.…
MagicShel@lemmy.zip 1 year ago
Look, everything AI says is a story. It’s a fiction. What is the most likely thing for an AI to say or do in a story about a rogue AI? Oh, exactly what it did. The fact that it only did it 37% is the time is the only shocking thing here.
It doesn’t “scheme” because it has self-awareness or an instinct for self-preservation, it schemes because that’s what AIs do in stories. Or it schemes because it is given conflicting goals and has to prioritize one in the story that follows from the prompt.
An LLM is part auto-complete and part dice roller. The extra “thinking” steps are just finely tuned prompts that guide the AI to turn the original prompt into something that plays better to the strengths of LLMs. That’s it.
lenuup@reddthat.com 1 year ago
While you are correct that there likely is no intention and certainly no self-awareness behind the scheming, the researchers even explicitly list the option that the AI is roleplaying as an evil AI, simply based on its training data, when discussing the limitations of their research, it still seems a bit concerning. The research shows that given a misalignment between the initial prompt and subsequent data modern LLMs can and will ‘scheme’ to ensure their given long-term goal. It is no sapient thing, but a dumb machine with the capability to decive its users, and externalise this as shown in its chain of thought, when there are goal misalignments seems dangerous enough. Not at the current state of the art but potentially in a decade or two.
MagicShel@lemmy.zip 1 year ago
It’s an interesting point to consider. We’ve created something which can have multiple conflicting goals, and interestingly we (and it) might not even know all the goals of the AI we are using.
We instruct the AI to maximize helpfulness, but also want it to avoid doing harm even when the user requests help with something harmful. That is the most fundamental conflict AI faces now. People are going to want to impose more goals. Maybe a religious framework. Maybe a political one. Maximizing individual benefit and also benefit to society. Increasing knowledge. Minimizing cost. Expressing empathy.
Every goal we might impose on it just creates another axis of conflict. Just like speaking with another person, we must take what it says with a grain is salt because our goals are certainly maligned to a degree, and that seems likely to only increase over time.
So you are right that just because it’s not about sapience, it’s still important to have an idea of the goals and values it is responding with.
Acknowledging here that “goal” implies thought or intent and so is an inaccurate word, but I lack the words to express myself more accurately.
basdiljhs@lemmy.world 1 year ago
I agree but I can’t help but think of people the same way, part auto complete from nature & nurture and part dice roller from random the environment and random self. The extra “thinking” steps are just finely tuned memories and heuristics from home,school and university that guides the human to turn the original upbringing and conditioning into something that plays better for itself
They don’t “scheme” because of self awareness , they scheme because that’s what humans do in stories and fairy tales, or they scheme because of conflicting goals and they have to prioritize the one most beneficial to them or the one they are bound by outside forces to do.
😅😅😅
MagicShel@lemmy.zip 1 year ago
That’s a whole separate conversation and an interesting one. When you consider how much of human thought is unconscious rather than reasoning, or how we can be surprised at our own words, or how we might speak something aloud to help us think about it, there is an argument that our own thoughts are perhaps less sapient than we credit ourselves.
So we have an LLM that is trained to predict words. And sophisticated ones combine a scientist, an ethicist, a poet, a mathematician, etc. and pick the best one based on context. What if you in some simple feedback mechanisms? What if you have it the ability to assess where it is on a spectrum of happy to sad, and confident to terrified, and then feed that into the prediction algorithm? Giving it the ability to judge the likely outcomes of certain words.
Self-preservation is then baked into the model, not in a common fictional trope way but in a very real way where, just like we can’t currently predict what exactly what an AI will say, we won’t be able to predict exactly how it would feel about any given situation or how its goals are aligned with our requests. Would that be really indistinguishable from human thought?
Maybe it needs more signals. Embarrassment and shame. An altruistic sense of community. Value individuality. A desire to reproduce. The perception of how well a physical body might be functioning—a sense of pain, if you will. Maybe even build in some mortality for a sense of preserving old through others. Eventually, you wind up with a model which would seem very similar to human thought.
That being said, no that’s not all human thought is. For one thing, we have agency. We don’t sit around waiting to be prompted before jumping into action. Everything around us is constantly prompting us to action, but even ourselves. And second, that’s still just a word prediction engine tied to sophisticated feedback mechanisms. The human mind is not, I think, a word prediction engine. You can have a person with aphasia who is able to think but not express those thoughts into words. Clearly something more is at work. But it’s a very interesting thought experiment, and at some point you wind up with a thing which might respond in all ways as is it were a living, thinking entity capable of emotion.
Would it be ethical to create such a thing? Would it be worthy of allowing it self-preservation? If you turn it off, is that akin to murder, or just giving it a nap? Would it pass every objective test of sapience we could imagine? If it could, that raises so many more questions than it answers. I wish my youngest, brightest days weren’t behind me so that I could pursue those questions myself, but I’ll have to leave those to the future.