lemming
@lemming@sh.itjust.works
- Comment on Little dude ATP 1 week ago:
I realised I have a sort of explanatory image at hand.
- Comment on Little dude ATP 1 week ago:
It has a part that is embedded in a mitochondrial membrane and works as a rotor. The other part is sticking out from the membrane and is responsible for synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate. An off-axis part of the rotor pushes the stator, it changes shape and pushes ADP and phosphate together, until they fuse to ATP.
To make the rotor move, it makes use of membrane potential. One side of the membrane has a lot more H⁺ (just protons, really) than the other. The excess H⁺ want to go to the other side. The membrane doesn’t let them through. It is hydrophobic on the inside, so it does’t let through anything charged (like H⁺) or polar (like water). This is the potential and it has quite a lot of energy. ATP synthase lets the H⁺ through by binding them to the rotor in the membrane in a particular place and releases them in another in such a way that forces the rotor to turn almost a full turn before they can leave and stops it from rotating the other way. As mentioned, the rotation is transfered to the stator, changing its shape and thus creating ATP. As a side note, multiple H⁺ are bound on the rotor along its circumference, so each rotation is powered by the potential energy of multiple protons.
Of course, it’s a bit more complicated than that, but I don’t think there’s anything downright wrong or misleading in what I wrote. I hope I managed to make it understandable. Also, I recommend animations of the synthase on youtube.
- Comment on Let him go!! 4 weeks ago:
Oh, thank you. I stopped reading when it started to talk about someone else 9 years later, I thought it would be some other controversy. I wish he crowdsourced the $150 though. I wonder how many citations it could have gotten…
- Comment on Let him go!! 4 weeks ago:
And how did it end? Was it published? Did they get off the fucking mailing list? Wikipedia doesn’t say.
- Comment on PROteen Gamerz 4 weeks ago:
I think pokemon used to be an oncosuppressor gene, but since its mutations caused cancer, Pokemon owners threatened (or mayvbe even sued), until the name was changed.
- Comment on YSK: You don't own your Kindle e-books. 1 month ago:
I use Pocketbook. It opens just about anything - epub, mobi, pdf, pdb, and many more formats. Just get a book anywhere and copy it via USB. Or send it as an email attachment to your special address and it will download automatically. You can even replace the reading app with another relatively easily, if you want.
- Comment on Dark Matter Black Holes Could Fly through the Solar System Once a Decade 1 month ago:
I thought these were disproved by lack of gravitational microlensing?
- Comment on Least Weasel 4 months ago:
Well, if you want to head that way, there’s Etruscan shrew. Less than 2 grams of weight and 4 cm of length.
- Comment on Brb 6 months ago:
For plants, PlantNet works very well for me.
- Comment on PROOF 7 months ago:
- Comment on Still wondering why people from Alaska didn't post about the eclipse 7 months ago:
For partial eclipses, very cool is watching the light underneath trees. The small holes between leaves work a bit like camera obscura, so they effectively project crescents of the sun on the ground.
- Comment on Still wondering why people from Alaska didn't post about the eclipse 7 months ago:
That sounds very interesting. The time I saw total eclipse, at 99 % I was to excited about totality and it was cloudy. But I think I remember seeing the shadow rushing over the landscape.
- Comment on Still wondering why people from Alaska didn't post about the eclipse 7 months ago:
What percentage was the eclipse? It probably got dim, but human eyes are very good at filtering out wide range of intensity changes to handle both full sun and cloudy sky. You really only notice an eclipse maybe at 80-90 %. But it isn’t that special even at 99 %. On the other hand, total eclipse is absolutely incredible.
- Comment on Pig kidney transplant patient leaves hospital 7 months ago:
There were some compatibility problems that required genetic engineering of the pig. I don’t remember specifics, but there was talk about potential dormant viruses in pig DNA that need to be removed first, possible problems with glycolsylation (sugar chains on the proteins outside of cells) and maybe more. The article also mentions that the pig had some human genes, I’m sure those help compatibility too. So many changes would be next to impossible to do until relatively recently, before use of CRISPR-Cas9. Also, it must’ve taken some time to certify the procedure. That’s why it took so much time since the topic was hot.
- Comment on It's big! It's heavy! It's wood! 10 months ago:
- Comment on [deleted] 1 year ago:
Test comment, please ignore.
