For $600 the Minisforum MS-R1 gives you 64GB DDR5 ECC, 12 cores, dual 10GbE, a real PCIe 4.0 x8 slot, M.2 NVMe, Pi-compatible 40-pin GPIO, and actual UEFI boot. It runs Debian and Proxmox/KVM.

I’ve read that the CPU is trash compared to intel/amd in performance and in TDP, but you can’t build a mini pc/server on intel/amd right now for thaf price with that amount of RAM.

Even just buying the 64GB ddr5 RAM as sticks will be like over 800$…

In the low budget range you can go with a Pi 5 16GB which is now ~$300. Add PSU, case, NVMe HAT, PCIe HAT and you’re at $400+ for 4 cores, 16GB non-ECC, and 1x GbE. It’s way too expensive for what you get, compared to spending a bit more and going with minisforum.

Maybe i’m biased and trying to justify my own purchase … let me know if I’m wrong about it being good value.