Will have to get back to you sometime this week - family took more time than anticipated. But, I can layout a few things:

No worries. I had just spent a bunch of time replying to another guy about this, and then had to pop into surgery and recover for days, which is why I felt bad and specifically mentioned it.

Yeah. This is why I recommend avoiding it altogether. Regulatory agencies are too on top of the licensed spectrum when just worrying about keeping HAMs and others in line. The tools to catch unlicensed operators are just too well-developed and proven to consider it practical for a transport layer, outside of things like natural disaster and the like where transmission in the clear isn’t usually a concern.

Like I mentioned, this is inspired by an existing thing, so I know it’s possible to not get caught if transmissions are kept very short, and done in a busy area. Definitely not recommending it, though; it’s also just rude to fill up spectrum with massive cyphertexts if you don’t have a good reason. Industry Canada (in my case) is one thing, but basic human decency comes first.

I hadn’t actually thought of natural disasters. I suppose that could be a niche just because low-power transmitters are so much more common now. Above the physical layer it makes little difference as far as I can tell, so we can talk about that and not worry about the philosophy or practice of law-breaking.

I really think it can pretty well. Using IP would give a native way to route on traditional networks and make traffic more likely to blend in with existing traffic. Building a protocol on Layer 4 reduces the implementation overhead by taking advantage of existing abstractions. Layer 3 doesn’t need to know anything about the layers above it or below it, it just needs to know which server is sending, which server is receiving, and the payload.

So would the hub just function as a local network, then? I can see what you mean by that. So basically, each container would get an IPv6 address, and could communicate with the outside world normally when a low-latency connection - like maybe via satellite constellation - is up.

and having the final “hop” as part of the encrypted packet header.

Hah, is there an official term for the move from one node to another? I’m pretty sure I’ve heard a complete mix of things IRL.

You could do full-blown onion encryption if you wanted, assuming you know in advance the path your traffic will take (or at least the very end of it). If you don’t, you pretty much just have to trust everyone to see what route your traffic took. Given that nodes are mobile, can change identities, and optimally only share encrypted traffic, does that sound like a huge risk?

I suppose in a disaster situation, you could just openly publish the GPS coordinates of the hub, and make a transmission strategy by as-the-crow-flies distance.

Might look into PGP/GPG. It could be a useful approach. Essentially, the idea being to be able to not take someone’s word for who they are but rely on a consensus of trusted parties. Like PKI but not as centralized.

I’m familiar as a user, but I’m not sure how few packets you could fit that into. You could definitely set your container to do a web of trust check over the normal internet, and just ask the other party to sign something with their published key.

Also, a bit off topic, has PGP/GPG already been adapted for post-quantum algorithms? You’d think it would be one of the first things to get set up.