Don’t sell short the levels of destructive capability Federation has access to if it really cared about such things. Off the top of my head, there are some messed up “off-label” uses for stuff we’ve seen the Federation has access to by the 2380s:

• Red Matter is featured in Star Trek '09, though it originates from the prime timeline. Obvious application for making black holes on demand. Y’know, I’m not actually sure why the Vulcan Science Academy made so much of it, but we see even in small amounts it can be used as a planet killing weapon.
• The Protostar Class from Prodigy is probably the potentially Federation’s most terrifying weapon. The contained protostar at the heart of the ship explodes (canonically, though unrealistically) into a supernova if containment fails, and with full holo-emitter coverage it could be run by a holographic crew. Lock down the ETH’s personality matrix and you’ve got a fully automated transwarp supernova bomb.