Comment on do you think freewill truly exists?
crt0o@lemm.ee 3 weeks agoMy line of thought is this: the most epistemically primary thing is subjective experience, because it can be known directly, thus it is undeniably real. Due to the principle of ontological parsimony, if everything can be explained in terms of experience, there is no reason to postulate something beyond it (the physical). So the way I would formulate the hard problem would be something more like “Why does our experience contain the appearance of a physical world at all, and how are they related?”.
I guess this might not resonate with you either, if you don’t believe in phenomenal consciousness as all. Personally I have a hard time understanding physicalist reductionism, how can you say that something like the experience of redness is the same thing as some pattern of neurons firing in the brain? These are clearly very different things, and even if one is entirely dependent on the other, it doesn’t mean it’s non-existent or illusory.
pcalau12i@lemmy.world 3 weeks ago
There’s no such thing as “subjective experience,” again the argument for this is derived from a claim that reality is entirely independent of one’s point of view within it, which is just a wild claim and absolutely wrong. Our experience doesn’t “contain” the physical world, experience is just a synonym for observation, and the physical sciences are driven entirely by observation, i.e. what we observe is the physical world. I also never claimed “the experience of redness is the same thing as some pattern of neurons firing in the brain,” no idea where you are getting that from. Don’t know why you are singling out “redness” either. What about the experience of a cat vs an actual cat?
crt0o@lemm.ee 3 weeks ago
What I mean by subjective experience is what you might refer to as what reality looks like from a specific viewpoint or what it appears like when observed. I’m not sure whether you’re assuming a physicalist or idealist position when you say “what we observe is the physical world”. My issue with this is that observation implies the existence of something which is being observed, the appearance upon observation, and possibly also an observer.
If you claim that the physical world doesn’t exist independently of observation, and is thus nothing beyond the totality of observed appearances (seems to me like a form of idealism), then what is being observed? If there is no object being observed, and the fact it it apparent from multiple perspectives is simply a consequence of the coherence of observation, where do the qualities of those appearances originate from? How come things don’t cease to exist when they’re not being observed?
If you claim that the appearances don’t exist independently of the physical world being observed (the physicalist interpretation), why does the world appear different from different perspectives? How do you explain things like hallucinations (there is no physical object being observed, but still some appearance is present)?
The reason I brought up that example is because physicalists usually deny the existence of qualia and claim they’re nothing beyond the brain processes correlated with them.
pcalau12i@lemmy.world 3 weeks ago
So… reality? Why are you calling reality subjective? Yes, you have a viewpoint within reality, but that’s because reality is relative. It’s nothing inherent to conscious subjects. There is no such thing as a viewpoint-less reality. Go make a game in Unity and try to populate the game with objects without ever assigning coordinates to any of the objects or speeds to any of the object’s motion, and see how far you can go… you can’t, you won’t be able to populate the game with objects at all. You have to choose a coordinate system in order to populate the world with anything at all, and those coordinates are arbitrary based on an arbitrarily chosen viewpoint.
No such thing as “appearances.” As Kant himself said: “though we cannot know these objects as things in themselves, we must yet be in a position at least to think them as things in themselves; otherwise we should be landed in the absurd conclusion that there can be appearance without anything that appears,” i.e. speaking of “appearances” makes no sense unless you believe there also exists an unobserved thing that is the cause of the appearances.
But there is neither an unobserved thing causing the appearances, nor is what we observe an appearance. What we observe just is reality. We don’t observe the “appearance” of objects. We observe objects.
Opposite of what I said.
What we call the object is certain symmetries that are maintained over different perspectives, but there is no object independently of the perspectives.
They cease to exist in one viewpoint but they continue to exist in others.
I am claiming appearances don’t exist at all.
Reality is just perspectival. It just is what it is.
If they perceive a hallucinated tree and believe it is the same as a non-hallucinated tree, this is a failure of interpretation, not of “appearance.” They still indeed perceived something and that something is real, it reflects something real in the physical world. If they correctly interpret it as a different category of objects than a non-hallucinated tree then there is no issue.
crt0o@lemm.ee 3 weeks ago
I agree with this idea that reality without a viewpoint doesn’t make much sense (maybe it’s not logically impossible, but our reality surely isn’t like that), but I don’t think an unconscious viewpoint can exist. Really, I would say having/being a viewpoint is precisely what consciousness is about.
It’s easy to think of reality as some space you can just freely float around (like your unity example), but that’s not how we experience it. The only viewpoints we can be absolutely sure actually exist, are our own. Let’s say we extrapolate to other conscious beings to avoid solipsism. This still severely constrains the pool of all known viewpoints, but what they have in common is this; their movement is always constrained to some body, which others percieve as matter. In my opinion this hints at the fact that matter is probably not merely some symmetry within how reality is observed. Since it correlates so well with where other viewpoints are (viewpoints are always located where matter appears to be), it makes sense to say that at least a subset of viewpoints appear as matter when viewed from the outside. I think this dissolves the idea that there is no object being observed.
The reason I’m calling reality subjective rather than relative is because I think the fact we can percieve it rather accurately and that human viewpoints are mostly coherent is more the exception than the rule. Take the hallucination example; when you hallucinate an object, what is being observed? I think the only possible answer is that the “viewpoint” in your head is observing some other stuff in your head. Since brain activity during visual hallucinations is very similar to brain activity when viewing a “real” object, this is likely always the case! What our brain is actually doing is collecting massive amounts of information from the environment and constructing integrated experience based on it, which represents the macroscopic features of reality accurately, because that was evolutionarily favourable. This means that the accurate and coherent perception we experience is likely only inherent to sufficiently complex evolved systems. If other viewpoints exist, they probably perceive reality in a completely different way than we do, and for all we know, they could be completely incoherent.
In short, my metaphysical stance is something like this:
The only ontic thing is experience, which is concentrated into minds
Reality is a plurality of interacting minds
Observation is when one mind affects the experience of another
Matter is what minds appear like from the outside
Space isn’t some backdrop, but instead emerges from the relationships between minds, specifically the strength of interaction between them