Top managers do seem to be targeted.

CEO Martin Winterkorn’s trial in Germany was paused in 2021 due to health issues, but he remains a key figure under investigation.

The arrest of Audi’s then-CEO Rupert Stadler in 2018 marked a dramatic shift into current executives.

Owners responsibility is interesting. I think the concept of limited liability protects them, but should it? If they actively influenced the policy I don’t think it should (but proving that is difficult).