Original link. Sumer was home to quite a few “famous” firsts as far as historians and scientists know. Most significant of these was the invention of writing, through which they communicated quite a complex literary tradition that included factual and fantastic elements. Writing also enabled them to record laws. The Sumerians are also credited with inventing cities, law and order, and science. A lot of what is known about the Sumerians was copied and curated by the Akkadians, who invaded and conquered Sumer.