"Zoning and planning regulations that limit the supply of new housing increase the price of housing. For instance, Kendall and Tulip (2018) estimate the impact of zoning on housing prices and find that “as of 2016, zoning raised detached house prices 73 per cent above marginal costs in Sydney, 69 per cent in Melbourne, 42 per cent in Brisbane and 54 per cent in Perth”

From

…edu.au/…/Complete WP Varela Breunig Smith_2025 c…

An open secret. So, if we progressively change zoning, then a large part of the synthetic component evaporates? Apartments in NSW are a joke with over 53% needing remediation. So the planning laws don’t work to create good housing. What are they really for?