When you tried caddy and received an error, that looks like you are getting the wrong image name.

Then you mentioned deleting caddyfile as the configuration didn’t work. But, if I am following correctly the caddyfile wouldn’t yet be relevant if the caddy container hadn’t actually ran.

Pulling from Caddys docs, you should just need to run

$ docker run -d -p 80:80 \
    -v $PWD/Caddyfile:/etc/caddy/Caddyfile \
    -v caddy_data:/data \
    caddy

Where $PWD is the current directory the terminal is currently in.

Further docs for then configuring for HTTPs you can find here under

Automatic TLS with the Caddy image

hub.docker.com/_/caddy