You might look into repairing the joystick you have. I recently had a similar issue with my 360 controller after it sitting in storage for many years and a good contact cleaning got it working again.

If that doesn’t work, depending on your level of confidence, you could measure the pin pitch and note termination style and see if you can find a replacement joystick module to solder in somewhere. Maybe it used the same footprint as another controller, and you can drop it in and have it work.

Either way, good luck. I hope you succeed!