Yeah you can use Tor as an example of “Resistance” infrastructure, it only really exists because Western governments themselves need to use it and the asymmetry in how information can be shared in western countries vs the enemies of western countries makes the calculus for in favor to let it operate. iirc most Tor nodes are in 5 eyes countries. The government could just force everyone into closed source backdoored apps if they really wanted too.

Really the only way to have “Resistance” infrastructure is to have another state actor aligned with it. The enemy of our enemy is our friend after all.