While I don’t have a direct answer, I know that my university had some courses dedicated to similar topics

www.students.cs.ubc.ca/~cs-311/…/goals.html

www.cs.ubc.ca/course-section/cpsc-411-201-2020w

www.cs.ubc.ca/~rxg/cpsc509-spring-2024/

The second one is described as

The goal of this course is to give students experience designing, implementing, and extending programming languages. Students will start from a machine language, the x86-64 CPU instruction set with Linux system calls (x64), and incrementally build a compiler for a subset of Racket to this machine language. In the process, students will practice building, extending, and maintaining a complex piece of software, and practice creating, enforcing, and exploiting abstractions formalized in programming languages.

The course assumes familiarity with basic functional programming in Racket, and some simple imperative programming in assembly.

Those links might give you something to search off of?

And what’s the purpose of developing more languages anyway?

At some level, I think it’s this:

xkcd.com/927/

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