I keep landing back to Proxmox, My primary use is to run the Home Assistant OS VM which is quite fantastic there. And also, I have NFS sharing setup on the Proxmox server so I can share it between my machines and my home Linux boxes. I’m on Proxmox 8 though and not 9. Debian 13 with Proxmox 9 it turns out at least when I tried it, is really locked down now for running Docker via the host. (Proxmox machine) With Proxmox 8, I can still install Docker and run my containers there, then use Portainer to manage them sometimes, but rarely now days. You can also probably do it the “Correct way” as some may believe by setting up a VM or LXC in Promox to host docker containers. I do that with one subset of containers but not all.

Another option you may want to consider is XCP-NG, which is another hypervisor and IMHO ran Home Assistant a tad bit faster for me, but it will not allow you to mount existing drives without erasing them (I can’t do that with my disks). Additionally,  it seems to be on an out of date CentOS build which is no longer updated. (My notes from this are from a year ago when I tried it and I think some of it has changed, but for storage: docs.xcp-ng.org/storage/) You can see what’s going on there.

Most people will say to host Truenas or something like that in a VM via Proxmox but honestly, it isn’t too difficult to set up with a tool like Cockpit to manage the shares. I’ve played with most of the setups recently and recently tried going with a Debian 12 install on bare metal with the Home Assistant VM running which I could, but I had more crashes with the server and it never started the VM in spite of being told to do so. I honestly didn’t stick around though, so YMMV if you go that route.