Outrage-bait is clickbait. More specifically, it’s a subset of clickbait.

Wikipedia:

Ragebait, rage-bait, rage baiting, and outrage baiting are similar Internet slang neologisms referring to manipulative tactics that feed on readers’ anxieties and fears. They are all forms of clickbait. . . . The term rage bait, which has been cited since at least 2009, is a negative form of click-baiting as it relies on manipulating users to respond in kind to offensive, inflammatory “headlines”, memes, tropes, or comments.